No windows 10,

Rodar cmd.exe como administrador, e dar o comando:

netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=8080 connectaddress=192.168.0.1 connectport=8080



no linux, configura o proxy para o IP do gateway padrao.

ip r

nano /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/95proxy

Acquire::http::Proxy  "http://172.xx.xx.1:8080";
Acquire::https::Proxy "http://172.xx.xx.1:8080";